Susceptibility of Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 (Diptera; Culicidae) to Cyfluthrin, Propoxur and Malathion in the Sudan Savanna, North Eastern Nigeria
Yoriyo, K. P., Samdi, L. M., Wanah, B. B., Edward, E.A. And Kela, S. L.
NJE Vol. 34: 19-24, 2018
DOI: 10.36108/NJE/8102/43(0130)
Abstract: The susceptibility of Adult female Culex quinquefasciatus to test papers impregnated with 0.15% Cyfluthrin, 0.1% Propoxur and 5% Malathion was assessed using the standard World Health Organization (WHO) protocol insecticide susceptibility test kits and impregnated papers recommended for Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS). Mortality of Culex quinquefasciatus recorded 24 hrs post exposure indicated 100% susceptibility to all the 3 insecticides. Results obtained indicate that knockdown of Culex quinquefasciatus was related to the duration of exposure indicated by the following equations for each of the insecticides: 0.1%Propoxur Y= -7.7+5.70X, 0.15% Cyfluthrin Y = -4+3.32X and 5%Malathion Y= -5.8+4.30X. The Predicted KDT50 and KDT95 were for 0.1% Propoxur, KDT50 20.9 mins and KDT 95 30.2 mins , 0.15% Cyfluthrin KDT50 12.7 mins and KDT95 18.1 mins, 5% Malathion KDT 50 15.7 mins & KDT95 22.8 mins. All the three insecticides had knockdown times below 1 hr. However the knockdown time of 0.15%Cyfluthrin was clearly lower than each of the other test insecticides. These baseline results are of use in Gombe State in the current control efforts of disease vectors by the Federal Ministry of Health of Nigeria.
Keywords: Culex spp, Suceptibility, Malathion, Propoxur, Cyfluthrin, North Eastern Nigeria